Selected railway & transportation projects.

The Nizami–Cabbarlı connecting tunnel is part of the planned separation of Baku Metro’s Red and Green lines, intended to improve operational flexibility. The work involves an older-generation tunnel structure with ribbed orthogonal steel framing and a concrete invert.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis associated with the connecting tunnel and railway superstructure.
• Modelling of the ribbed orthogonal steel tunnel structure, concrete invert and embedded traverse-on-slab track arrangement.
• Track structure redesign, replacing the original traverse-on-slab track with a plinth-slab track arrangement.
• Comparative analysis of the original and redesigned track–tunnel models, including insertion-loss evaluation.
• Statistical uncertainty analysis considering variability in wood and steel material properties.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Green Line development introduces new underground stations along Baku’s eastern growth corridor, including Ağ Şəhər (White City) and neighbouring districts. It supports sustainable public transport in expanding and redeveloping parts of the city.

• Ground-borne noise and vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Purple Line extension expands Baku’s independent metro corridors and improves links between residential, commercial and developing urban areas. New underground stations and connecting tunnels are planned to improve network capacity and interchange opportunities.

• Ground-borne noise and vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Mersin–Adana–Osmaniye–Gaziantep railway is a major passenger and freight investment connecting four cities in southern Türkiye. The upgraded electrified route is intended to improve regional connectivity, shorten journeys and reinforce links between industry, logistics facilities and Mediterranean ports.

• Technical supervision of the environmental noise and vibration analysis undertaken for the railway project.
• Quality assurance of environmental noise and vibration assessments prepared within the wider engineering and environmental study programme.
• Technical review of the assessment work to support the reliability and consistency of project-level noise and vibration evaluations.

The proposed M6 connection links Ankara’s M2 Çayyolu and M3 Sincan metro corridors, establishing a new orbital connection across the western part of the city.

• Ground-borne noise and vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Karaman–Ulukışla project forms part of the high-standard railway corridor connecting Central Anatolia with southern Türkiye.

• Ground-borne noise and vibration analysis for the proposed surface railway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The M4 extension continues Ankara’s metro beyond Şehitler toward the Forum area, serving Sanatoryum, Ufuktepe and Ovacık. It is intended to improve rapid-transit access in Ankara’s northern districts.

• Technical supervision of the environmental noise and vibration analysis and assessment programme.
• Quality assurance of the environmental noise and vibration studies supporting the metro extension design.
• Review of assessment outputs within ENKI’s appointed technical supervision and quality-assurance responsibilities.

The planned M2 extensions connect Koru with the developing Yaşamkent and Bağlıca districts. They are intended to improve public transport access to western residential areas and the Başkent University district.

• Technical supervision of the environmental noise and vibration assessments for the proposed railway extensions.
• Quality assurance of the assessment studies supporting the environmental and engineering design process.
• Review of the noise and vibration assessment deliverables within the assigned supervision scope.

The Kızılay–Dikmen metro project proposes a direct rapid-transit link between central Ankara and southern residential districts along the Dikmen corridor. The original project programme also includes a funicular between Kuğulu Park, Atakule and Turan Güneş Boulevard.

• Technical supervision of environmental noise and vibration assessments associated with the proposed transport system.
• Quality assurance of the noise and vibration analysis undertaken during the engineering design process.
• Review of the environmental noise and vibration assessment outputs for the planned railway components.

The Bandırma–Bursa–Yenişehir–Osmaneli railway is planned to connect Bursa to Türkiye’s high-speed railway network at Osmaneli and extend rail access westward toward Bandırma.

• Technical supervision of environmental noise and vibration analysis and assessment activities.
• Quality assurance of the environmental noise and vibration studies developed for the railway project.
• Technical review of assessment outputs supporting environmental performance evaluation within the project.

The Pendik–Kartal–Fevzi Çakmak project strengthens rail connections in eastern Istanbul by linking the Pendik interchange with Kaynarca and the Sabiha Gökçen Airport metro corridor. It also improves integration between metro services, Marmaray and high-speed rail.

• Ground-borne noise and vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Bursa Emek–Otogar line is intended to extend urban rail access toward Bursa’s intercity bus terminal, enabling more convenient transfers between rail services and the city’s wider public transport network.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed railway alignment.
• Ground-borne noise assessment addressing potential railway-induced impacts along the corridor.
• Risk assessment of vibration and noise effects associated with the proposed rail infrastructure.

Cluj Metro is a major metropolitan transport investment intended to connect Florești and Cluj-Napoca along the principal east–west travel corridor.

• Tender-stage pilot study addressing ground-borne vibration associated with the proposed metro system.
• Preliminary vibration analysis to inform the assessment of railway-induced environmental impacts.
• Ground-borne vibration risk assessment undertaken in support of the tender-stage engineering evaluation.
• Assessment of alternative track superstructure configurations to reduce ground-borne vibration transmission.

The Sefaköy–Beylikdüzü Metro is planned as a significant public transport corridor serving western Istanbul. It is intended to improve travel along the metropolitan westward development axis and provide an alternative to road transport.

• Tender-stage pilot study of ground-borne vibration effects associated with the proposed metro alignment.
• Preliminary ground-borne vibration analysis for the selected study conditions.
• Risk assessment addressing the potential for railway-induced vibration impacts.

The Gebze–Darıca Metro connects Darıca’s coastal districts with Gebze’s industrial zones and major residential areas.

• Ground-borne noise and vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Dikimevi–NATO Yolu extension carries Ankara’s Ankaray light metro eastward through established districts, including Abidinpaşa, Tuzluçayır and Natoyolu. It is designed to offer more direct access between eastern Ankara and the city centre.

• Ground-borne noise and vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Dudullu–Bostancı Metro, part of Istanbul’s M8 corridor, provides a north–south rapid-transit connection across the Anatolian side. It links residential, commercial and industrial districts with east–west transport corridors, including Marmaray and other metro lines.

• Ground-borne noise and vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

GAZİRAY links central Gaziantep with major industrial and employment areas. The suburban railway serves organised industrial zones and urban districts through surface tracks, underground crossings and interchange facilities.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed surface railway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Kadıköy–Sultanbeyli corridor is intended to extend rapid-transit access from Istanbul’s established western Anatolian-side network toward growing residential districts farther east. It forms part of the city’s long-term rail-network development and seeks to reduce dependence on road transport.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Halkalı–Istanbul Airport rapid metro forms part of the high-capacity rail access network serving Istanbul Airport. The corridor is intended to connect airport services with Halkalı and other urban interchanges, supporting integration with the metropolitan railway network.

• Ground-borne noise and vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Kirazlı–Bakırköy İDO Metro links western Istanbul’s inland metro network to Bakırköy’s coastal district and major interchanges. As part of the M3 operating corridor, it improves access to residential areas, commercial centres, hospitals and transport connections near the Marmara coast.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Ataköy–İkitelli Metro, part of Istanbul’s M9 corridor, provides a north–south link between Ataköy and the industrial and residential districts of İkitelli and Başakşehir. Interchange with Marmaray, Metrobus and east–west metro routes strengthens connectivity across western Istanbul.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Kabataş–Mecidiyeköy–Mahmutbey Metro is a major cross-city rapid-transit corridor connecting densely developed central Istanbul with western residential and commercial districts. The line incorporates fully automated operation and interchange connections to other public transport routes.

• Ground-borne noise and vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Kaynarca–Sabiha Gökçen Airport Metro provides a strategic rail link between Istanbul’s Anatolian-side metro network and Sabiha Gökçen International Airport. It supports airport access through integrated rapid transit.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

Antalya’s third-stage tram line extends the city’s rail network, improving connections between Varsak, the intercity bus terminal, university areas, hospitals and other destinations.

• Assessment of tram-induced ground-borne vibration effects on historic structures.
• Evaluation of potential vibration-related risks to the sensitive historic buildings and structures considered within the study.
• Technical assessment of railway-induced vibration in the context of historic-structure protection.

Antalya’s second-stage tram line extends urban rail services toward Antalya Airport and the EXPO 2016 area, improving access between the city centre, the airport and eastern development districts.

• Assessment of tram-induced ground-borne vibration effects on the historic Düden Bridge.
• Evaluation of the bridge’s potential exposure to railway-induced vibration.
• Vibration risk assessment focused on the historic bridge structure and its sensitivity to tramway operation.

The Ankara High-Speed Railway Station complex combines passenger rail facilities with commercial spaces, offices, a hotel and other mixed-use functions. Its proximity to high-speed rail operations makes acoustic performance and vibration isolation important to the occupied building areas.

• Ground-borne vibration isolation engineering for the shopping centre and hotel development.
• Acoustic design services for the building complex.
• Engineering assessment of vibration isolation requirements in the context of railway-adjacent mixed-use occupancy.

The Kartal–Kaynarca Metro extension expands Istanbul’s M4 corridor eastward from Kartal toward Pendik and Kaynarca. It improves access to developing residential and commercial districts and supports the continued expansion of the Anatolian-side rail network.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Eskişehir High-Speed Railway Station Crossing forms part of the reorganisation of railway infrastructure through the city centre. The project is intended to reduce the physical barrier created by the railway and improve connections between surrounding urban areas.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the 1.5 km railway crossing section.
• Assessment of the potential vibration effects of high-speed railway operation on surrounding urban development.
• Ground-borne vibration risk assessment associated with the railway crossing infrastructure.

The Levent–Hisarüstü Metro connects Istanbul’s M2 corridor with Etiler, Boğaziçi University and Hisarüstü. It improves public transport access to educational and residential destinations.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Marmaray Gebze–Pendik section is part of Istanbul’s integrated suburban and intercity rail network. Railway modernisation supports continuous suburban services and improved links with high-speed trains and the transcontinental Marmaray corridor.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Üsküdar–Ümraniye–Çekmeköy Metro forms a major east–west corridor on Istanbul’s Anatolian side, connecting residential areas with transport interchanges and commercial centres. Developed as Türkiye’s first fully automated driverless metro, it offers connections with Marmaray and the wider public transport system.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Şişhane–Yenikapı extension connects Istanbul’s M2 Metro with the Yenikapı interchange, providing access to Marmaray and other rail services. It incorporates the Haliç Metro Crossing Bridge through the historic urban centre.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

Warsaw Metro Line II establishes a major east–west rapid-transit corridor, including a tunnel beneath the Vistula River. The line connects residential, commercial and administrative districts across both riverbanks.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The second phase of İzmir Metro expands the original system toward the Üçyol–Üçkuyular corridor, serving established residential and commercial districts. It improves transport access along the southern urban corridor.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.

The Kadıköy–Kartal Metro was the first major underground metro corridor on Istanbul’s Anatolian side. Developed along the D100 transport axis, it introduced a high-capacity alternative to road travel through established residential and commercial districts.

• Ground-borne vibration analysis for the proposed subway infrastructure.
• Risk assessment associated with railway-induced vibration and ground-borne noise along the alignment.